Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (<i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i>) in Yobe State, Nigeria

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal; Umar Isa Ibrahim; Abdullahi Abubakar Biu; Kasim Muhammed

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13

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Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal, Umar Isa Ibrahim, Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Kasim Muhammed

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 4)

Received: 21 June 2021 Accepted: 12 July 2021 Published: 27 August 2021

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Abstract

In some parts of Nigeria, studies have revealed avian haemosporidian infections in village chickens, some of which are considered emerging parasitic infections because chickens are unnatural hosts. Infections may have occurred as a result of accidental cross-infection via infected haemophagus arthropod vectors. This study was carried out to determine the emerging avian haemosporidian infections in Village chickens in Yobe State, Nigeria using microscopy. Blood samples were collected from 2100 Village chickens in 7 Local Government Areas of Yobe State. Microscopy revealed an overall prevalence of 13.8% (290/2100) for avian haemosporidians comprising of Plasmodium with 13.9% (198/2100) and Haemoproteus 2.4% (55/2100) as single infections. Mixed infection of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus had a prevalence of 1.8% (37/1820). Male (9.9%) had a higher prevalence of avian haemosporidian infections than female chickens (4.0%). Adults (10.4%) had a higher prevalence than growers chickens (3.4%), and prevalence was higher in the rainy (9.3%) than the dry (4.5%) season of the study period. Detection of Haemoproteus specie in chickens in Yobe State is considered an emergent infection because chickens are not natural host to the parasite. It is therefore recommended that Village chicken producers should be educated on the risk factors and impacts of avian haemosporidian on bird productivity through frequent agricultural extension services. More research is needed to assess the frequency of avian haemosporidian infections in other poultry species in Nigeria, in order to better understand the disease's epidemiology and develop effective management and prevention strategies.

Published in	American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13
Page(s)	190-196
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Emerging Infection, Village Chickens, Avian Haemosporidian, Yobe State, Nigeria

References

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APA Style

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal, Umar Isa Ibrahim, Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Kasim Muhammed. (2021). Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 9(4), 190-196. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13

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ACS Style

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal; Umar Isa Ibrahim; Abdullahi Abubakar Biu; Kasim Muhammed. Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2021, 9(4), 190-196. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13

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AMA Style

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal, Umar Isa Ibrahim, Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Kasim Muhammed. Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2021;9(4):190-196. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13,
  author = {Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal and Umar Isa Ibrahim and Abdullahi Abubakar Biu and Kasim Muhammed},
  title = {Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {190-196},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20210904.13},
  abstract = {In some parts of Nigeria, studies have revealed avian haemosporidian infections in village chickens, some of which are considered emerging parasitic infections because chickens are unnatural hosts. Infections may have occurred as a result of accidental cross-infection via infected haemophagus arthropod vectors. This study was carried out to determine the emerging avian haemosporidian infections in Village chickens in Yobe State, Nigeria using microscopy. Blood samples were collected from 2100 Village chickens in 7 Local Government Areas of Yobe State. Microscopy revealed an overall prevalence of 13.8% (290/2100) for avian haemosporidians comprising of Plasmodium with 13.9% (198/2100) and Haemoproteus 2.4% (55/2100) as single infections. Mixed infection of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus had a prevalence of 1.8% (37/1820). Male (9.9%) had a higher prevalence of avian haemosporidian infections than female chickens (4.0%). Adults (10.4%) had a higher prevalence than growers chickens (3.4%), and prevalence was higher in the rainy (9.3%) than the dry (4.5%) season of the study period. Detection of Haemoproteus specie in chickens in Yobe State is considered an emergent infection because chickens are not natural host to the parasite. It is therefore recommended that Village chicken producers should be educated on the risk factors and impacts of avian haemosporidian on bird productivity through frequent agricultural extension services. More research is needed to assess the frequency of avian haemosporidian infections in other poultry species in Nigeria, in order to better understand the disease's epidemiology and develop effective management and prevention strategies.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria
AU  - Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal
AU  - Umar Isa Ibrahim
AU  - Abdullahi Abubakar Biu
AU  - Kasim Muhammed
Y1  - 2021/08/27
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 190
EP  - 196
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13
AB  - In some parts of Nigeria, studies have revealed avian haemosporidian infections in village chickens, some of which are considered emerging parasitic infections because chickens are unnatural hosts. Infections may have occurred as a result of accidental cross-infection via infected haemophagus arthropod vectors. This study was carried out to determine the emerging avian haemosporidian infections in Village chickens in Yobe State, Nigeria using microscopy. Blood samples were collected from 2100 Village chickens in 7 Local Government Areas of Yobe State. Microscopy revealed an overall prevalence of 13.8% (290/2100) for avian haemosporidians comprising of Plasmodium with 13.9% (198/2100) and Haemoproteus 2.4% (55/2100) as single infections. Mixed infection of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus had a prevalence of 1.8% (37/1820). Male (9.9%) had a higher prevalence of avian haemosporidian infections than female chickens (4.0%). Adults (10.4%) had a higher prevalence than growers chickens (3.4%), and prevalence was higher in the rainy (9.3%) than the dry (4.5%) season of the study period. Detection of Haemoproteus specie in chickens in Yobe State is considered an emergent infection because chickens are not natural host to the parasite. It is therefore recommended that Village chicken producers should be educated on the risk factors and impacts of avian haemosporidian on bird productivity through frequent agricultural extension services. More research is needed to assess the frequency of avian haemosporidian infections in other poultry species in Nigeria, in order to better understand the disease's epidemiology and develop effective management and prevention strategies.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal

Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Umar Isa Ibrahim

Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Abdullahi Abubakar Biu

Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Kasim Muhammed

Area Veterinary Clinic (Zone A), Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Damaturu, Nigeria

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Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal, Umar Isa Ibrahim, Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Kasim Muhammed. (2021). Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 9(4), 190-196. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13

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ACS Style

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal; Umar Isa Ibrahim; Abdullahi Abubakar Biu; Kasim Muhammed. Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2021, 9(4), 190-196. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13

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AMA Style

Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal, Umar Isa Ibrahim, Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Kasim Muhammed. Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2021;9(4):190-196. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13,
  author = {Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal and Umar Isa Ibrahim and Abdullahi Abubakar Biu and Kasim Muhammed},
  title = {Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {190-196},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20210904.13},
  abstract = {In some parts of Nigeria, studies have revealed avian haemosporidian infections in village chickens, some of which are considered emerging parasitic infections because chickens are unnatural hosts. Infections may have occurred as a result of accidental cross-infection via infected haemophagus arthropod vectors. This study was carried out to determine the emerging avian haemosporidian infections in Village chickens in Yobe State, Nigeria using microscopy. Blood samples were collected from 2100 Village chickens in 7 Local Government Areas of Yobe State. Microscopy revealed an overall prevalence of 13.8% (290/2100) for avian haemosporidians comprising of Plasmodium with 13.9% (198/2100) and Haemoproteus 2.4% (55/2100) as single infections. Mixed infection of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus had a prevalence of 1.8% (37/1820). Male (9.9%) had a higher prevalence of avian haemosporidian infections than female chickens (4.0%). Adults (10.4%) had a higher prevalence than growers chickens (3.4%), and prevalence was higher in the rainy (9.3%) than the dry (4.5%) season of the study period. Detection of Haemoproteus specie in chickens in Yobe State is considered an emergent infection because chickens are not natural host to the parasite. It is therefore recommended that Village chicken producers should be educated on the risk factors and impacts of avian haemosporidian on bird productivity through frequent agricultural extension services. More research is needed to assess the frequency of avian haemosporidian infections in other poultry species in Nigeria, in order to better understand the disease's epidemiology and develop effective management and prevention strategies.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Emerging Haemosporidian Infections in Village Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Yobe State, Nigeria
AU  - Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal
AU  - Umar Isa Ibrahim
AU  - Abdullahi Abubakar Biu
AU  - Kasim Muhammed
Y1  - 2021/08/27
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 190
EP  - 196
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210904.13
AB  - In some parts of Nigeria, studies have revealed avian haemosporidian infections in village chickens, some of which are considered emerging parasitic infections because chickens are unnatural hosts. Infections may have occurred as a result of accidental cross-infection via infected haemophagus arthropod vectors. This study was carried out to determine the emerging avian haemosporidian infections in Village chickens in Yobe State, Nigeria using microscopy. Blood samples were collected from 2100 Village chickens in 7 Local Government Areas of Yobe State. Microscopy revealed an overall prevalence of 13.8% (290/2100) for avian haemosporidians comprising of Plasmodium with 13.9% (198/2100) and Haemoproteus 2.4% (55/2100) as single infections. Mixed infection of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus had a prevalence of 1.8% (37/1820). Male (9.9%) had a higher prevalence of avian haemosporidian infections than female chickens (4.0%). Adults (10.4%) had a higher prevalence than growers chickens (3.4%), and prevalence was higher in the rainy (9.3%) than the dry (4.5%) season of the study period. Detection of Haemoproteus specie in chickens in Yobe State is considered an emergent infection because chickens are not natural host to the parasite. It is therefore recommended that Village chicken producers should be educated on the risk factors and impacts of avian haemosporidian on bird productivity through frequent agricultural extension services. More research is needed to assess the frequency of avian haemosporidian infections in other poultry species in Nigeria, in order to better understand the disease's epidemiology and develop effective management and prevention strategies.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

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