Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria

Azeez Afebu Oseni; Wale Falade

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14

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Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria

Azeez Afebu Oseni, Wale Falade

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 5)

Received: 1 September 2021 Accepted: 9 October 2021 Published: 19 October 2021

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Abstract

Malnutrition in both acute and chronic forms is a global issue responsible for as much as 50% of infant mortality worldwide. Acute malnutrition exists as both moderate and severe forms depending on factors such as access to nutritious meals and maternal care practices. Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) can be easily treated and has lesser mortality impacts compared to Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is a community-based approach to addressing SAM and MAM. In this study, the impact of a donor funded CMAM intervention delivered through primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in Katsina state, Nigeria is measured. Prior to this study, there was low utilization of these facilities due to the several factors such as transportation and communication problems, traditional conservatism, poor quality of services, and low literacy rates. A randomised sampling method was used to select and compare 5 CMAM and 5 non-CMAM facilities across the state. A test for significance for two independent groups (CMAM supported and non-CMAM supported sites) was also conducted for different categories of admissions such as antenatal care (ANC), outpatient department (OPD) and routine immunization (RI). From the result, it is concluded that the CMAM intervention increased the rate of patient access and use of PHCs within the state. The test of significance also shows significant differences between the admissions for OPD, ANC, and RI when compared to non-CMAM sites.

Published in	American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14
Page(s)	248-253
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Children Under 5 Years, Community Management of Acute Malnutrition, Antenatal Care, Outpatient Department, Routine Immunization, Severe Acute Malnutrition, Moderate Acute Malnutrition

References

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[2]	UNICEF, (2012). UNICEF World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Levels and Trends in Child malnutrition available at www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/jms_unicef_who_wbpdf.
[3]	Prendergast, A. J. (2015). Malnutrition and vaccination in developing countries. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370 (1671), 20140141.
[4]	Deconinck, H., Swindale, A., Grant, F., & Navarro-Colorado, C. (2008). Review of community-based management of acute malnutrition in the postemergency context: synthesis of lessons on integration of CMAM into national health systems in Ethiopia, Malawi and Niger. Washington: FANTA AED.
[5]	Kautzky, K., & Tollman, S. M. (2008). A perspective on primary health care in South Africa: Primary health care: In context. South African health review, 2008 (1), 17-30.
[6]	Park, S. E., Kim, S., Ouma, C., Loha, M., Wierzba, T. F., & Beck, N. S. (2012). Community management of acute malnutrition in the developing world. Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition, 15 (4), 210.
[7]	Lutter, C. K., Daelmans, B. M., de Onis, M., Kothari, M. T., Ruel, M. T., Arimond, M.,... & Borghi, E. (2011). Undernutrition, poor feeding practices, and low coverage of key nutrition interventions. Pediatrics, 128 (6), e1418-e1427.
[8]	Perry, H. B., Zulliger, R., & Rogers, M. M. (2014). Community health workers in low-, middle-, and high-income countries: an overview of their history, recent evolution, and current effectiveness. Annual review of public health, 35, 399-421.
[9]	Ubesie, A. C., & Ibeziakor, N. S. (2012). High burden of protein–energy malnutrition in Nigeria: Beyond the health care setting. Annals of medical and health sciences research, 2 (1), 66-69.
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[12]	Abeshu, M. A., Lelisa, A., & Geleta, B. (2016). Complementary feeding: review of recommendations, feeding practices, and adequacy of homemade complementary food preparations in developing countries–lessons from Ethiopia. Frontiers in nutrition, 3, 41.
[13]	Abdulraheem, B. I., Oladipo, A. R., & Amodu, M. O. (2012). Primary Health Care Services in Nigeria: Critical Issues and strategies for enhancing the use by the rural communities.
[14]	Oyekale, A. S. (2017). Assessment of primary health care facilities’ service readiness in Nigeria. BMC health services research, 17 (1), 1-12.
[15]	Adeyemi, O., Afolabi, W. A., Ferguson, E., Akinyele, I., Lawal, H., Okunola, R. A., & Yohanna-Dzingina, C. (2014). How to strengthen the CMAM programme in Northern Nigeria and reduce rates of programme defaulting.
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APA Style

Azeez Afebu Oseni, Wale Falade. (2021). Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 9(5), 248-253. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14

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ACS Style

Azeez Afebu Oseni; Wale Falade. Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2021, 9(5), 248-253. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14

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AMA Style

Azeez Afebu Oseni, Wale Falade. Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2021;9(5):248-253. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14,
  author = {Azeez Afebu Oseni and Wale Falade},
  title = {Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {248-253},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20210905.14},
  abstract = {Malnutrition in both acute and chronic forms is a global issue responsible for as much as 50% of infant mortality worldwide. Acute malnutrition exists as both moderate and severe forms depending on factors such as access to nutritious meals and maternal care practices. Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) can be easily treated and has lesser mortality impacts compared to Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is a community-based approach to addressing SAM and MAM. In this study, the impact of a donor funded CMAM intervention delivered through primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in Katsina state, Nigeria is measured. Prior to this study, there was low utilization of these facilities due to the several factors such as transportation and communication problems, traditional conservatism, poor quality of services, and low literacy rates. A randomised sampling method was used to select and compare 5 CMAM and 5 non-CMAM facilities across the state. A test for significance for two independent groups (CMAM supported and non-CMAM supported sites) was also conducted for different categories of admissions such as antenatal care (ANC), outpatient department (OPD) and routine immunization (RI). From the result, it is concluded that the CMAM intervention increased the rate of patient access and use of PHCs within the state. The test of significance also shows significant differences between the admissions for OPD, ANC, and RI when compared to non-CMAM sites.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria
AU  - Azeez Afebu Oseni
AU  - Wale Falade
Y1  - 2021/10/19
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 248
EP  - 253
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14
AB  - Malnutrition in both acute and chronic forms is a global issue responsible for as much as 50% of infant mortality worldwide. Acute malnutrition exists as both moderate and severe forms depending on factors such as access to nutritious meals and maternal care practices. Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) can be easily treated and has lesser mortality impacts compared to Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is a community-based approach to addressing SAM and MAM. In this study, the impact of a donor funded CMAM intervention delivered through primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in Katsina state, Nigeria is measured. Prior to this study, there was low utilization of these facilities due to the several factors such as transportation and communication problems, traditional conservatism, poor quality of services, and low literacy rates. A randomised sampling method was used to select and compare 5 CMAM and 5 non-CMAM facilities across the state. A test for significance for two independent groups (CMAM supported and non-CMAM supported sites) was also conducted for different categories of admissions such as antenatal care (ANC), outpatient department (OPD) and routine immunization (RI). From the result, it is concluded that the CMAM intervention increased the rate of patient access and use of PHCs within the state. The test of significance also shows significant differences between the admissions for OPD, ANC, and RI when compared to non-CMAM sites.
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Azeez Afebu Oseni

Department of Public Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Wale Falade

Reproductive Health Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria

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APA Style

Azeez Afebu Oseni, Wale Falade. (2021). Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 9(5), 248-253. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14

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ACS Style

Azeez Afebu Oseni; Wale Falade. Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2021, 9(5), 248-253. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14

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AMA Style

Azeez Afebu Oseni, Wale Falade. Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2021;9(5):248-253. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14,
  author = {Azeez Afebu Oseni and Wale Falade},
  title = {Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {248-253},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20210905.14},
  abstract = {Malnutrition in both acute and chronic forms is a global issue responsible for as much as 50% of infant mortality worldwide. Acute malnutrition exists as both moderate and severe forms depending on factors such as access to nutritious meals and maternal care practices. Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) can be easily treated and has lesser mortality impacts compared to Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is a community-based approach to addressing SAM and MAM. In this study, the impact of a donor funded CMAM intervention delivered through primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in Katsina state, Nigeria is measured. Prior to this study, there was low utilization of these facilities due to the several factors such as transportation and communication problems, traditional conservatism, poor quality of services, and low literacy rates. A randomised sampling method was used to select and compare 5 CMAM and 5 non-CMAM facilities across the state. A test for significance for two independent groups (CMAM supported and non-CMAM supported sites) was also conducted for different categories of admissions such as antenatal care (ANC), outpatient department (OPD) and routine immunization (RI). From the result, it is concluded that the CMAM intervention increased the rate of patient access and use of PHCs within the state. The test of significance also shows significant differences between the admissions for OPD, ANC, and RI when compared to non-CMAM sites.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of a CMAM Intervention on Demand for Other Primary Health Care Services in Katsina State, Nigeria
AU  - Azeez Afebu Oseni
AU  - Wale Falade
Y1  - 2021/10/19
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 248
EP  - 253
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20210905.14
AB  - Malnutrition in both acute and chronic forms is a global issue responsible for as much as 50% of infant mortality worldwide. Acute malnutrition exists as both moderate and severe forms depending on factors such as access to nutritious meals and maternal care practices. Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) can be easily treated and has lesser mortality impacts compared to Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) is a community-based approach to addressing SAM and MAM. In this study, the impact of a donor funded CMAM intervention delivered through primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in Katsina state, Nigeria is measured. Prior to this study, there was low utilization of these facilities due to the several factors such as transportation and communication problems, traditional conservatism, poor quality of services, and low literacy rates. A randomised sampling method was used to select and compare 5 CMAM and 5 non-CMAM facilities across the state. A test for significance for two independent groups (CMAM supported and non-CMAM supported sites) was also conducted for different categories of admissions such as antenatal care (ANC), outpatient department (OPD) and routine immunization (RI). From the result, it is concluded that the CMAM intervention increased the rate of patient access and use of PHCs within the state. The test of significance also shows significant differences between the admissions for OPD, ANC, and RI when compared to non-CMAM sites.
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
ER  -

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